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There is no specific antiviral medication or vaccine available for the treatment of genital warts. Conventional treatments will remove the warts using surgical techniques, but the virus usually remains in the infected area and may cause recurrences even if the whole growth or wart is removed. Unfortunately there is little evidence that removing the visible lesion (the wart) reduces the risk of transmission. The treatment of genital warts is usually for cosmetic reasons and sometimes because large lesions cause physical problems. Recurrences occur in 1/3 to 2/3 people, whatever treatment is used. On the other hand, visible genital warts can spontaneously disappear in up to 1/3 of people, without treatment, within a few months of their appearance.
Non-prescription remedies should not be used for genital warts. The genital area is too sensitive for these drugs and they can damage the skin. The warts can also be confused with other sexually transmitted diseases that need to be treated properly.
Preventing the spread of genital warts involves the same safer sex practices required to prevent the spread of any sexually transmitted disease. Because abstinence from sexual activity while the warts are contagious is often impractical, condom use is important until all warts have been eradicated. Male condoms, however, do not provide total protection, since a mans scrotum can harbor the wart virus.
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